Identification of Paediatric Tuberculosis from Airway Shape Features

Clinical signs of paediatric pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) include stenosis and deformation of the airways. This paper presents two methods to analyse airway shape and detect airway pathology from CT images. Features were extracted using (1) the principal components of the airway surface mesh and (2) branch radius and orientation features. These methods were applied to a dataset of 61 TB and non-TB paediatric patients. Nested cross-validation of the support vector classifier found the sensitivity of detecting TB to be 86% and a specificity of 91% for the first 10 PCA modes while radius based features had a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 94%. These methods show the potential of computer assisted detection of TB and other airway pathology from airway shape deformation.